Anthropology Analysis of Body Ritual Among the Nacirema...

The author’s purpose in writing this article was not to show the â€Å"Nacirema† as an example of how extreme human behavior can become, but how an outside perspective can affect your perception of an alien culture. If one were to look at the â€Å"Nacirema’s† cultural behaviors regarding physical appearance and health without any insight or knowledge of the specific beliefs or values of that culture, they might seem bizarre and even incomprehensible. By showing behaviors and â€Å"rituals† performed by this unknown tribe, Miner allowed others to see that the way studies were representing distinctive cultures was narrowminded and defective. Without the proper comprehension of the basis of any society, huge cultural misunderstandings could occur. Of†¦show more content†¦Miner’s article presents numerous anthropological concepts including culture, social behaviors, symbols, material culture and holism. While providing us with a synchr onic view of an unexplored culture, Miner tackles the principle mindset that governs the â€Å"Nacirema’s† social customs and â€Å"rituals†, looks at key symbols and material possessions as the focus of the culture, and highlights the importance of studying a culture in its entirety to gain a full and accurate understanding. The psychology of the â€Å"Nacirema† people is one of malcontent. There seems to be a general dissatisfaction with one’s body and this inescapable attitude reaches into almost every aspect of their lives. The psychology of the â€Å"Nacirema† people is one of malcontent. There seems to be a general dissatisfaction with one’s body and this inescapable attitude reaches into almost every aspect of their lives. The â€Å"Nacirema† seem to necessitate unhappiness and even pain. They voluntarily allow â€Å"holy-moth-men† to subject them to torturous practices meant to postpone the inevitable decay of th eir mouths, pay â€Å"herbalists† to provide them with â€Å"potions† and â€Å"charms† expected to improve their health and consent to â€Å"medicine men† poking them with needles and performing life-threatening procedures all in the name of beauty and driven by the fundamental mentality that the body is ugly. Miner uses cultural materialism to explore and explain differentShow MoreRelatedCultural Relativism And Moral Relativism1620 Words   |  7 Pagesprinciples within not only the structure but also the functioning of cultures. Within his seminal article, which goes by the title, Body Ritual among the Nacirema, the author, Miner (1956) defines the aspects that are common within the â€Å"Nacirema† from what can be considered as the etic perspective, which enables the reader to slowly but surely get to know that the Nacirema are actually Americans. It should be noted that it is necessary to review the American culture from the etic perspective so as toRead MoreEtic And Emic Analysis On Suicide Terrorism1662 Words   |  7 PagesEtic and Emic Analysis on Suicide Terrorism Exploring different cultures as well as your own in order to understand the various ways they do things compared to our own can be enlightening as well as challenging. The main challenge comes from being used to your own culture that it is difficult to view a different culture without any personal bias. Being born and raised in a culture and getting used to those norms of everyday life contributes to the bias that one may show, believing that theirRead MoreANTH 1120 Midterm Exam Review2818 Words   |  12 Pageswhich they are found. Relativistic Fallacy: The idea that it is impossible to make moral judgements about the beliefs and behaviours of members of other cultures. Armchair Anthropology: An approach to the study of various societies that dominated anthropology in the late 1800s. It involved the collection, study, and analysis of the writings of missionaries, explorers, and colonists who had sustained contact with non-Western peoples. Armchair anthropologists used these documents to make comparisonsRead MoreProfessional Student4171 Words   |  17 Pagesscience. C. anthropology. D. sociology. Answer: D 2. Sociology A. is the scientific study of social behavior and human groups. B. focuses primarily on how social relationships influence people’s behavior. C. focuses on how societies develop and change. D. all of these Answer: D 3. The awareness that allows people to comprehend the link between their immediate, personal social settings and the remote, impersonal social world is called A. the sociological imagination. B. anthropology. C. a

Questions On Work Motivation And Attitude - 1595 Words

Mullen-RhoadsRIOP8400-8-5: Work Motivation and Attitude Internal thoughts or feelings provide motivation for people to behave in a certain manner (Spector, 2012). In the work environment, attitudes can indicate an employee’s feelings towards coworkers, superiors, and position within the organization or a desire to realize a goal (Rodell, 2013; Spector, 2012). Although attitudes are internal, they can affect how an individual behaves. Therefore, behavior, whether good or bad, is often the way in which an employee responds to his attitude toward his position in the company (Rodell, 2013). There are different viewpoints of motivation. One perspective considers direction, that is, choice of specific behavior, intensity, or amount of†¦show more content†¦Herzberg’s two-factor theory contend workplace attitudes are contingent on the nature of the work performed, as well as the incentive for doing the work (Vatsa, 2013; Spector, 2012). Some motivation theories consider how active processing and analysis of information influences behaviors (Spector, 2012; Welsh Ordà ³Ãƒ ±ez, 2014). Vroom’s expectancy, Locke’s goal setting, and Bandura’s self-efficacy theories fall into this cognitive theory category. Vroom’s expectancy theory suggests that individuals make choices on how they think the results of the behavior will lead to desired results. Locke’s goal setting theory contends motivation begins as an internal process but also suggests that the environmental factors can affect behavior. Bandura’s self-efficacy theory considers how an individual’s viewpoint concerning his or her abilities influences his or her behavior (Spector, 2012; Welsh Ordà ³Ãƒ ±ez, 2014). Case Study: Lydia Lydia, a 58-year-old, has been a widow for three years, has income from an insurance settlement, and has grown children (Analyze the case, 2011). She has been employed by the same organization for more than 12 years. After working for the head of the company as a general secretary, she became an assistant to the head of personnel. Her

The Great Gatsby Essay Paper Example For Students

The Great Gatsby Essay Paper In today society, many people like to follow the current. They want to catch the wave. Which mean, it does not matter if things were good or bad, right or wrong, they just follow and do them without any thinking. Therefore, there are not too many people would like to be a normal, thoughtful nor neutral person. However, in the novel, The Great Gatsby, by Scott Fitzgerald, one of the character name is Nike Carroway, he was the good and neutral narrator. It was because, in the novel, he analyzed all of the things with regard to accuracy of observation. In The Great Gatsby, when Mr.Gatsby told Vick he wantedto return the past over again with his lover- Daisy, Nike Carroway warned him to give it up, because it was impossible. Unforturately, Mr.Gatsby was not believe it. So at the end, Mr.Gatsbys dream still had not came true because Daisy did not break up with Tom and go with him. It can be seen in the last chapter on the novel, when Gatsby was murder, Daisy went to somewhere else with her husband, and did not go to Gatsbys funeray. I called up Daisy half an hour after we found him, called her instinctively and without hersitation. But she and Tom had gone away early that afternoon, and taken baggage with them. Therefore, Nike Carroways analysis was right by these clear observation. However, Nike Carroway is a good narrator, he sees everything happen and does not trust everybody easily. So during the people discuss about something at a time, he does not believe it is true. After he proves it, he will accept the truth. Moreover, when Nike went to Gatsbys party, there is a drunk lady telling everyone Gatsby killed a man before. Somebody told me they thought he killed a man once. Also, there is one more lady said that Gatsby was a German spy:It is more that he was a German spy during the war. Nike heard it, but when Nike had a chance to have a lunch with Gatsby, he told Nike, he was an Oxford man and show him that fought in World War One. Then Nike knew Gatsby was not a German Spy nor a murderer. Furthermore, at the end of the novel, when Daisy drove Gatsbys car and killed Mrs.Wilson in a car accident, Nikes first though Gatsby killed Mrs.Wilson. But after Gatsby told him all of the things at that moment, then Nike was thinking and discuss between Gatsby and Toms speaking, and make his own conclusion. Therefore, Nike was a thoughtful man and his is not afraid to face anything around him. By these facts, he had a clear mind and reliable in his observations, so it can make people believe Nike Carroways was a neutral and clear mind narrator of this novel, because this can be seen in Nikes personality. In the novel, Nike was also a neutral narrator too becasue he is the narrator who described everything clearly and accurately. He was trustful because he described everything without any personal point of view; By the way, throughout the whole story, he didnt defenses for any characters nor put any of his self-feeling in it. Thats why he is a character who strived for neutrality. On the other hand, when Mr.Gatsby tells Tom that Daisy will leave Tom because she loves Tom no more, its full of fires atomsphere and emotion. Ive got something to tell you, old sport- began Gatsby. But Daisy guessed at his intention. Please dont! she interrupted helplessly. Please lets all go home. Why dont we all go home? Thats a good idea. I got up. Come on, Tom. Nobody wants a drink. I want to know what Mr.Gatsby has to tell me. Your wife doesnt love you, said Gatsby. Shes never loved you. She loves me.At that time, if Nike was not in a neutral position, he must help Gatsby or Tom. But, he did not join in the argument between Gatsby and Tom. He just put himself in a corner, keeping quiet and see whatelse would happened in page 131 to page 135. .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f , .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f .postImageUrl , .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f , .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f:hover , .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f:visited , .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f:active { border:0!important; } .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f:active , .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u7f118287d33b4a553c02ee8a7c3ef15f:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Dickens Ideas On Gentility As Shown Through His No EssayTherefore, we can see that Nike was a neutral man and a narrator who just care on the truth observation for sure in here. It is so clear that Nike was a trustful man, so, by his unjustice information, and his truthful and accurate observation, the reader were sure that he is standing on neutral position, and the person who does not follow other people. By his Fantastic personality does not believe everything nor what most other people said easily, it shows that Nike can standing on neutral position truly because of his knowledge and clever.

The role of Nelson Mandela Research Paper Example

The role of Nelson Mandela Paper 1. Source A is a newspaper advert highlighting Mandelas imprisonment. It was paid for by the African National Congress (ANC) who were strong supporters of Mandela and the African civil rights movement. This means that it may have been biased in favour of the civil rights movement. The ANC wanted to show how badly mistreated the blacks in Africa were in order to gain support from many countries around the world and defeat apartheid. It was printed in 1988 when there was already quite a lot of support for the movement following the Free Mandela song and concert in 1984. This means that the ANC were probably also trying to reinforce the peoples view of apartheid and Mandelas imprisonment. The source is quite limited and although a primary source does not give any information on the suffering of the ordinary people at the time. Also it does not show how things were improving in South Africa. Without this information it is only showing one side of the argument and thus can make people have a biased view. It is most likely to be biased and unreliable, as there is no evidence to support the facts that are presented. We do however know that most of the facts presented are true from our studying of the history of apartheid and South Africa. With this knowledge we can say that the source is reliable from the facts represented but the language used to represent these facts is very charged and biased. We will write a custom essay sample on The role of Nelson Mandela specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The role of Nelson Mandela specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The role of Nelson Mandela specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer 2. Source B is from a defence speech made by Nelson Mandela at his own trial 1963. He wanted to make a dramatic impact to create huge support for his cause. Firstly he explains why he took part in sabotage. During the speech and the whole trial he never denied responsibility for the attacks and this makes the source slightly less biased. However as it came from Mandela who was a leading figure in the rights movement it was very biased and unreliable. He only shows one side of the argument to present Apartheid in a bad light. It also is quite a limited source as it only gives Mandelas opinion on the subject and has no facts to back this up. At the end he shows that he is not an Uncle Tom by declaring that he is prepared to die for the cause. This shows that he was using the speech as propaganda as he knew that this would place him as leader of the civil rights movement and bring massive support. The source is useful as a study of Mandela himself but to a historian studying Apartheid it is not very useful at all. Source C is a table of figures concerning the living conditions of all races in South Africa. It was produced by the UN who are supposed to have a totally unbiased view on all relations but do however have a slight preference for democracy. This makes the source very reliable. The source also has a wide range of data ranging from the population to the average salary of both blacks and whites. It does however not show how the actual living conditions were in South Africa for the blacks. This makes the source slightly less useful but when studying the topic of apartheid it is much useful than Source B. 3. Source A is a newspaper advert highlighting Mandelas imprisonment. It was paid for by the African National Congress (ANC) who were strong supporters of Mandela and the African civil rights movement. This means that it may have been biased in favour of the civil rights movement. The ANC viewed themselves as a legitimate political group who had a valid call for power. They tried to shrug off all ideas of Nelson Mandela and the ANC as terrorists as this defeated their cause. For this reason they describe Mandela as a political prisoner in jail because of the colour of his skin. The advert also strikes at the government of South Africa and claims that it is outlawing democracy. They believed that Mandela was a figurehead of democracy and freedom. They wanted to show him and the movement in as good a light as possible. Source D is a short extract from a speech made by the South African Minister of Information. This title is rather like Josef Goebbels in Germany under Hitlers reign. He masterminded all of the propaganda, as does the South African Minister of Information. This makes the source extremely biased towards the whites. The writer of this speech would have wanted to show Mandela and the rights movement in a bad light to destroy its support. The government also wanted to deny the civil rights movement and its pursuit as a valid political choice. They took advantage of the acts of terrorism by Mandela and other blacks. This showed that the blacks were not at an equal level and that they were also not going about their pursuit the right way. If the government could portray Mandela as a terrorist they could remove a lot of the sympathy he had gained from all around the world. This is done by stating that Mandela is not in prison because of his politics but that he is guilty of a serious crime. This was quite a successful argument against Mandelas release and contrasted greatly to the information received from the ANC. Both of the groups had different reasons for supplying these reports and they contradict each other so that it is difficult to know who is telling the truth. 4. Source E is from a British newspaper, and is a cartoon drawn by a British cartoonist criticising Apartheid. It was drawn in 1964, which was very early in the African civil rights movement.